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1. Spring Testing

1.1 使用 Rest Assured 进行集成测试

1.1.1 使用路径参数

@Test
public void test_NumberOfCircuits_ShouldBe20_Parameterized() {

    String season = "2017";
    int numberOfRaces = 20;

    given().
        pathParam("raceSeason",season).
    when().
        get("http://ergast.com/api/f1/{raceSeason}/circuits.json").
    then().
        assertThat().
        body("MRData.CircuitTable.Circuits.circuitId",hasSize(numberOfRaces));
}

1.2 Spring Test 中用于测试场景的注解

@BootstrapWith @ContextConfiguration @WebAppConfiguration @ContextHierarchy @ActiveProfiles @TestPropertySource @DynamicPropertySource @DirtiesContext @TestExecutionListeners @RecordApplicationEvents @Commit @Rollback @BeforeTransaction @AfterTransaction @Sql @SqlConfig @SqlMergeMode @SqlGroup

1.2.1 可以记录 Application Event

1.3 Mock 其它的远程调用

如下例子中，通过 @MockBean 将生成 RemoteService 的 Mock 对象

@SpringBootTest
class MyTests {

    @Autowired
    private Reverser reverser;

    @MockBean
    private RemoteService remoteService;

    @Test
    void exampleTest() {
        given(this.remoteService.getValue()).willReturn("spring");
        String reverse = this.reverser.getReverseValue(); // Calls injected RemoteService
        assertThat(reverse).isEqualTo("gnirps");
    }

}

@SpyBean 可以 wrap 一个已经存在的 Bean

1.4 选择部分进行测试

Spring Test 可以选择部分代码进行测试，支持的注解包括，这里有完整的列表 ⧉

1.5 Boot Test 搭配 WebDriver / Selenium / HtmlUnit 进行测试

1.6 MockMvc 的使用

1.6.1 MockMvc 的初始化

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;

@BeforeEach
public void setup() throws Exception {
    this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
        .webAppContextSetup(this.webApplicationContext)
        // 这里可以添加更多的配置
        .build();
}

1.6.2 发起 GET 请求

发起 GET 请求，且验证返回 JSON 内的数据

@Test
public void givenGreetURI_whenMockMVC_thenVerifyResponse() {
    MvcResult mvcResult = this.mockMvc.perform(get("/greet"))
      .andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
      .andExpect(jsonPath("$.message").value("Hello World!!!"))
      .andReturn();

    assertEquals("application/json;charset=UTF-8", mvcResult.getResponse().getContentType());
}

1.6.3 发起 GET 请求，携带路径参数

@Test
public void givenGreetURIWithPathVariable_whenMockMVC_thenResponseOK() {
    this.mockMvc
      .perform(get("/greetWithPathVariable/{name}", "John"))
      .andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
      .andExpect(content().contentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"))
      .andExpect(jsonPath("$.message").value("Hello World John!!!"));
}

1.6.4 发起 GET 请求，携带查询参数

@Test
public void givenGreetURIWithQueryParameter_whenMockMVC_thenResponseOK() {
    this.mockMvc.perform(get("/greetWithQueryVariable")
      .param("name", "John Doe")).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isOk())
      .andExpect(content().contentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"))
      .andExpect(jsonPath("$.message").value("Hello World John Doe!!!"));
}

1.6.5 发起 POST 请求

@Test
public void givenGreetURIWithPost_whenMockMVC_thenVerifyResponse() {
    this.mockMvc.perform(post("/greetWithPost")).andDo(print())
      .andExpect(status().isOk()).andExpect(content()
      .contentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"))
      .andExpect(jsonPath("$.message").value("Hello World!!!"));
}

1.7 参考